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species Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758)

• Common name(s):  Giant Stick Insect
• Images: (7) See all images

  specimen

  specimen

  specimen

• Distribution:
  •  Maluku Islands, Sulawesi, Gorong Islands and Kei Islands
• Ecology:
  • Terrestrial.
• Specimen records are available.
• Citations (60):
  • Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna tria Naturae secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis (10th ed) 425   >> Gryllus (Mantis) gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5091
  • Fabricius. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens insectorum, classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis, synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus 274   >> Mantis gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5092
  • Fabricius. 1787. Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectae adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus 1:227   >> Mantis gigas
  • Fabricius. 1793. Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adjectis Synonymis, Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus 2:14   >> Mantis gigas
  • Lichtenstein. 1796. Catalogus Musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796. Auctionis lege distrahendi. 3. SUPPRESSED PUBLICATION FOR NOMENCLATURAL PURPOSES (EXCEPT FOR FEW NAMES) see Opinion 1820 (1995) 77   >> Mantis gigas
  • Fabricius. 1798. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae 187   >> Phasma gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5090
  • Donovan. 1800. An epitome of the natural history of the insects of India, and the islands of the Indian seas. 2 Pl. 9   >> Mantis gigas
  • Latreille. 1807. Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata 87   >> Phasma gigas
  • Houttuyn. 1813. In Stoll. Natuurlyke en naar 't leeven naauwkeurig gekleurde afbeeldingen en beschryvingen der spooken, wandelende, bladen, zabelspringhaanen, krekels, treksprinkhaanen en kakkerlakken [Représentation exactement colorée d'après nature des spectres, des mantes, des sauterelles, des grillons, des criquets et des blattes] 1787-1813:pl. 2:5, app. >> Phasma gigas
  • Thunberg. 1815. Mémoires de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg 5:296   >> Phasma gigas
  • Peletier de Saint Fargeau & Audinet-Serville. 1828. In Latreille, Peletier de Saint Fargeau, Audinet-Serville & Guérin-Méneville [Ed.]. Encyclopédie Méthodique, ou par ordre de matières par un société de gens de lettres, de savans et d´artistes. Histoire Naturelle 10:445   >> Cyphocrana gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5093
  • Percheron. 1829. In Guérin-Méneville. Iconographie du règne animal de G. Cuvier ou représentation d’après nature de l’une des espèces les plus remarquables, et souvent non encore figurées, de chaque genre d’animaux. Tome II Pl. 53: 3   >> Note: Fig, head >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Audinet-Serville. 1831. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zool. Paris 22:60   >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae 35   >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Burmeister. 1838. Handbuch der Entomologie 2:579   >> Cyphocrania gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5094
  • Audinet-Serville. 1838[1839]. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères 237   >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Burmeister. 1840. Germar’s Zeitschrift für die Entomologie 2:38   >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Blanchard. 1840. In Castelnau [Ed.]. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Orthoptères, Néuroptères, Hémiptères, Hymenoptères, Lépidoptères et Diptères 15   >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • de Haan. 1842. In Temminck [Ed.]. Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlansche Overzeesche Bezittingen 3:129, pl. 14:3   >> Phasma (Cyphocrania) gigas    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5095
  • Percheron. 1844. In Guérin-Méneville. Iconographie du règne animal de G. Cuvier ou représentation d’après nature de l’une des espèces les plus remarquables, et souvent non encore figurées, de chaque genre d’animaux. Tome II Pl. 53: 3   >> Note: Fig, head >> Cyphocrana gigas
  • Westwood. 1859. Catalogue of the orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. 106   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Kaup. 1871. Berliner Entomologische Zeitung 15:21, pl. 1:17   >> Note: egg >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Stål. 1875. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar 32:83   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Kirby, W.F. 1884. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5 13:477   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Kirby, W.F. 1904. A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae) 1:390   >> Phasma gigas
  • Redtenbacher. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. III. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). 3:467   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Giglio-Tos. 1910. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia comparata della Royal Università di Torino 25(625):44   >> Note: note on specimens in Genova & Torino collections >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Bruner. 1915. University Studies of the University of Lincoln, Nebraska 15(2):235   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Foucher. 1916. Société Nationale d'Acclimatation de France 63:706-713   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Günther. 1929. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum, Berlin 14:627 >> Phasma gigas
  • Günther. 1932. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum, Berlin 17:784   >> Phasma gigas
  • Bedford. 1978. Annual Review of Entomology 23:133   >> Note: Review of literature >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Sellick. 1980. University of London, Unpublished thesis 124, fig. 75   >> Note: Egg [unpublished thesis] >> Phasma gigas
  • Passerin d´Entreves. 1981. Cataloghi. IV - Collezione Ortotterologiche del Museo di Zoologia de´ll Università di Torino 58   >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Vanschuytbroeck & Cools. 1981. Bull. Inst. r. Sci. nat. Belg. 53(23):18   >> Note: in RBINS coll >> Phasma gigas
  • Marshall, J.A. 1983. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 78:387   >> Phasma gigas
  • Preston-Mafham, K. 1990. Grasshoppers and mantids of the world 58, 82 >> Note: notes on behaviour >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Brock. 1992. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 13, 62   >> Note: Rearing, fig. of egg >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock. 1997. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society 56(414):181   >> Note: breeding hints, photograph >> Phasma gigas
  • Hennemann & Conle. 1997. Entomol. Z. 107(7):293   >> Note: Differences vs. reinwardtii >> Phasma gigas
  • Herwaarden. 1998. Science in New Guinea 24(2):86   >> Phasma gigas
  • Hennemann. 1998. Mitteilungen des Museums für Naturkunde, Berlin, Zoologische Reihe 74(1):123   >> Phasma gigas
  • Sellick. 1998. Systematic Entomology 23:225   >> Note: Micropylar plate >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock. 1999. Amateur Entomologist 26:24, pl. 2a-b   >> Phasma gigas
  • Bushell, M.L.T. 2000[1999]. Phasmid Studies 8((1&2)):20   >> Note: rearing >> Phasma gigas
  • Seiler, C. & et al. 2000. Phasmiden Pflege und Zucht von Gespenstschrecken, Stabschrecken und Wandelnden Blattern im Terrarium 107, figs >> Note: rearing >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock. 2000. PSG Newsletter 83:9 >> Note: On a postcard >> Phasma gigas
  • Bragg. 2001. Phasmids of Borneo 400   >> Note: notes >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock. 2002. Le Bulletin de Phyllie 11(1):3, figs. 2-3   >> Note: lectotype designation; paralectotype data of both sexes >> Phasma gigas
  • Baxter. 2002. Rearing Stick and Leaf Insects 13   >> Note: figure of egg >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock. 2003. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 62   >> Note: rearing >> Phasma gigas
  • Zompro. 2004. Darmstädter Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte 13:92   >> Note: Kaup's egg (4) in HLMD >> Cyphocrania gigas
  • Otte & Brock. 2005. Phasmida Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the world 265   >> Phasma gigas
  • Buckley, Attanayake & Bradler. 2009[2008]. Proc. R. Soc. B. 276:1056, fig. 1g   >> Note: In Phylogenetic tree >> Phasma gigas
  • Harman. 2014. PSG Newsletter 133:20 >> Note: rearing >> Phasma gigas
  • Hennemann, Conle & S. Suzuki. 2015. Zootaxa 4008(1):46, figs   >> Note: egg (previously unknown) >> Phasma gigas
  • Conle & Hennemann. 2018. Polish Journal of Entomology 76:117   >> Note: in list of Phasmatini in Wallacea >> Phasma gigas
  • Hennemann. 2021. Zootaxa 5073(1):173   >> Note: Doubtful old records from Sulawesi >> Phasma gigas
  • Harman. 2022. PSG Newsletter 148:22 >> Note: Culture stock origin, Halmahera Is >> Phasma gigas
  • Brock & Büscher. 2022. Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids pl. 7.1 & 27.2, 558   >> Note: Checklist of world species >> Phasma gigas
• Type specimen information:
  • Type locality: Asia-Tropical, Malesia, Ambon Island 'Amboina'
  • Kind of type:  lectotype
  • Specimen category:  Female
  • Location of type:  UZIU Uppsala

• synonym bauvoisi (Audinet-Serville, 1831)
• synonym beauvoisi (Audinet-Serville, 1831)
• synonym empusa Lichtenstein, 1796

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